Travel Vaccines and Advice for Sudan
Located in northeast Africa, Sudan is unarguably beautiful. Travellers can watch the sunrise over the Nubian pyramids, walk along the world’s largest river, and climb tall hills of sand.
The Sudanese are also known for being incredibly friendly and hospitable. But, current conflict and violence makes travel to the region unsafe, particularly in the Darfur region, Blue Nile, and Southern Kordofan states.
On This Page:
Do I Need Vaccines for Sudan?
Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Sudan
Health Notices and Outbreaks in Sudan
Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Sudan?
What Is the Climate Like in Sudan?
How Safe Is Sudan?
Visiting the Meroë Pyramids
What Should I Pack for Sudan?
Canadian Embassy in Sudan
Do I Need Vaccines for Sudan?
Yes, some vaccines are recommended or required for Sudan. The PHAC and WHO recommend the following vaccinations for Sudan: typhoid, hepatitis A, polio, yellow fever, rabies, hepatitis B, meningitis, influenza, pneumonia, chickenpox, shingles, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR).
See the bullets below to learn more about some of these key immunizations:
- Typhoid –
Food & Water –
Shot lasts 2 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator. - Hepatitis A –
Food & Water –
Recommended for most travellers. - Polio –
Food & Water –
Due to an increase in cases globally, an additional adult booster is recommended for most travellers to any destination. - Yellow Fever –
Mosquito –
Required if travelling from a region with yellow fever. Recommended for all travellers over 9 months of age travelling south of the Sahara. - Rabies –
Saliva of Infected Animals –
High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travellers and those who may come in contact with animals. - Hepatitis B –
Blood & Body Fluids –
Recommended for travellers to most regions. - Meningitis –
Airborne & Direct Contact –
Located in the meningitis belt, vaccination is recommended during the dry season (Dec. – June) - Influenza –
Airborne –
Vaccine components change annually. - COVID-19 –
Airborne –
Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic. - Pneumonia –
Airborne –
Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both. - Chickenpox –
Direct Contact & Airborne –
Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox. - Shingles –
Direct Contact –
Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles. - Polio –
Food & Water –
Considered a routine vaccination for most travel itineraries. Single adult booster recommended. - TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) –
Wounds & Airborne –
Only one adult booster of pertussis required. - Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) –
Various Vectors –
Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended.
See the table below for more information:
Recommended Travel Vaccinations for Sudan |
||
| VACCINE | HOW DISEASE SPREADS | DETAILS |
|---|---|---|
| Typhoid | Food & Water | Shot lasts 2 years. Oral vaccine lasts 5 years, must be able to swallow pills. Oral doses must be kept in refrigerator. |
| Hepatitis A | Food & Water | Recommended for most travellers. |
| Polio | Food & Water | Due to an increase in cases globally, an additional adult booster is recommended for most travellers to any destination. |
| Yellow Fever | Mosquito | Required if travelling from a region with yellow fever. Recommended for all travellers over 9 months of age travelling south of the Sahara. |
| Rabies | Saliva of Infected Animals | High risk country. Vaccine recommended for long-term travellers and those who may come in contact with animals. |
| Hepatitis B | Blood & Body Fluids | Recommended for travellers to most regions. |
| Meningitis | Airborne & Direct Contact | Located in the meningitis belt, vaccination is recommended during the dry season (Dec. – June) |
Routine Vaccinations for Sudan |
||
| VACCINE | HOW DISEASE SPREADS | DETAILS |
|---|---|---|
| Influenza | Airborne | Vaccine components change annually. |
| COVID-19 | Airborne | Recommended for travel to all regions, both foreign and domestic. |
| Pneumonia | Airborne | Two vaccines given separately. All 65+ or immunocompromised should receive both. |
| Chickenpox | Direct Contact & Airborne | Given to those unvaccinated that did not have chickenpox. |
| Shingles | Direct Contact | Vaccine can still be given if you have had shingles. |
| TDAP (Tetanus, Diphtheria & Pertussis) | Wounds & Airborne | Only one adult booster of pertussis required. |
| Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) | Various Vectors | Given to anyone unvaccinated and/or born after 1957. One time adult booster recommended. |
Specific Vaccine Information
- Typhoid – Typhoid is transmitted via fecally contaminated food or water, causing severe symptoms. To prevent it, practice hand-washing, consume safe water and food, and consider vaccination, especially when travelling to high-risk areas.
- Hepatitis A – Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. It’s typically spread through contaminated food or water. The hepatitis A vaccine is a safe and effective immunization that protects against the virus, usually given in two shots for long-term prevention.
- Rabies – Rabies is a life-threatening viral infection transmitted primarily through bites and scratches from infected animals. Vaccination is the key to prevention, offering pre-exposure protection to high-risk individuals and post-exposure treatment for those exposed to rabies.
- Hepatitis B – Hepatitis B is a serious liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus, transmitted through blood, sexual contact, or from mother to child during birth. It can become chronic, leading to liver failure or cancer. The hepatitis B vaccine, given as a series of injections, effectively prevents this infection.
- Meningitis – Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, often caused by viral or bacterial infections. The meningitis vaccine protects against various strains of bacteria causing this serious condition. It is recommended for different age groups, travellers and high-risk populations.
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) – Measles, mumps, and rubella are highly infectious diseases, emphasizing the importance of vaccination. The MMR vaccine, given in two doses, is the key to personal and public health safety. It strengthens immunity, minimizing the risk of infection, and is a critical component in halting the spread of these contagious viruses.
Yellow Fever in Sudan
Yellow fever is present throughout the southern regions of Sudan, south of the Sahara. Travellers are advised to receive the vaccine at least 10 days before arrival in the country. As yellow fever is common in Sudan, proof of vaccination may be required when entering another country.
Malaria in Sudan
Malaria is present in all regions of Sudan. Travellers are advised to take antimalarials to protect themselves from infection. Atovaquone, doxycycline, mefloquine and tafenoquine are recommended for travellers to the region. Malaria parasites in Sudan are resistant to chloroquine. Speak with your travel health specialist to identify which antimalarial is best for your trip and medical history.
Malaria is also present in the country. Antimalarials should be taken before, during and after your trip.
Sudan requires proof of yellow fever vaccination if arriving from a country where the virus is present. Immunization is generally recommended for travel to any area south of the Sahara. Travellers going to only the Sahara or Khartoum may not need immunization.
Meningitis is also a threat to travellers, especially from December to June. Consider meningitis vaccination including protection against meningitis B.
Visit our vaccinations page to learn more. Travel safely with Passport Health and schedule your appointment today by calling or book online now.
Other Ways to Stay Healthy in Sudan
Prevent Bug Bites in Sudan
To ward off bug bites, follow PHAC advice: wear long clothing, use screens, and remove standing water. Opt for EPA-registered repellents with DEET, picaridin, or OLE for protection. If bitten, wash the area, avoid scratching, and apply remedies. Seek medical help for severe reactions.
Food and Water Safety in Sudan
When travelling, prioritize food safety with PHAC’s advice: consume fully cooked foods, avoid raw seafood, and pick clean eateries. Opt for bottled drinks, exercise caution with ice, and practice responsible alcohol consumption. Prevent travellers’ diarrhea by maintaining good hand hygiene and avoiding street food in unsanitary conditions.
Altitude Sickness in Sudan
Altitude sickness, or acute mountain sickness (AMS), manifests at high elevations due to insufficient oxygen intake. To prevent AMS, ascend slowly, hydrate adequately, and consider medication. If symptoms arise—headaches, nausea—descend to lower altitudes immediately for rest and recovery.
Infections To Be Aware of in Sudan
- African Tick-Bite Fever – African Tick-Bite Fever (ATBF) spreads through tick bites in sub-Saharan Africa. To reduce the risk, wear appropriate clothing, use tick repellents, and conduct tick checks. Consult healthcare providers before travelling to endemic areas.
- Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever – Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, which spreads through ticks and human-to-human contact, can be mitigated by practicing tick bite prevention. Vaccinations against the disease are in development.
- Dengue – According to the PHAC, dengue fever, caused by a virus from mosquito bites, manifests through fever, headaches, and severe muscle pain. Preventative measures include using insect repellent and wearing protective clothing. While no specific treatment exists, early medical intervention can mitigate severe complications.
- Leishmaniasis – Leishmaniasis is transmitted by sand flies’ bites. To prevent its spread, individuals should use insect repellents, wear long-sleeved clothing and limit outdoor activities during sand fly activity periods. Eliminating breeding sites and early diagnosis are crucial for effective prevention.
- Rift Valley Fever – To prevent Rift Valley Fever, vaccination of livestock is crucial, along with controlling mosquito populations and ensuring safe animal handling practices. Public health education plays a vital role in raising awareness about RVF risks.
- Schistosomiasis – Schistosomiasis, a common tropical disease, is transmitted via contaminated water. Effective prevention includes staying away from infected water sources and using protective clothing.
Health Notices and Outbreaks in Sudan
- Polio – Polio cases have been reported in Sudan over the last 12 months. Vaccination is considered the best form of protection against the virus. Make sure your polio vaccine history is up-to-date. If you have received the polio vaccine in the past, a single, lifetime booster may be needed.
Do I Need a Visa or Passport for Sudan?
Canadian travellers visiting Sudan must have a valid passport and visa for entry. The government of Sudan also requires proof of yellow fever vaccination, if visiting from a country with risk of yellow fever.
Sudan Entry Requirements |
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| Do I Need A… | For My Trip to Sudan? | |
|---|---|---|
| Passport |  |
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| Tourist Visa | |
|
| Business Visa | |
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| Vaccinations | |
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Sources: Embassy of Sudan and Canadian Travel and Tourism
Travellers must register at the Aliens Department at the Ministry of Interior within three days of arrival. Travel permits are also required for travel more than 25 kilometres outside of Khartoum or to Darfur.
Exit visas must be obtained at the Aliens Department before leaving the country. There will also be an airport departure tax to pay upon leaving.
Additionally, women and children must receive consent from the father to enter and exit Sudan.
Visit the Canadian Travel and Tourism website for more information on entry and exit requirements.
What Is the Climate Like in Sudan?
- Damazine – The temperature in Damazine is almost always high, with temperatures almost never going below 15. The rainy season lasts from April to October, with the wettest month being October and the driest September. The warmest month is April and the coolest month is July.
- Geneina – The temperature in Geneina is almost always high, with temperatures reaching 40 in the summer. The warmest month is May and the coolest August. Most rain occurs from April to August. The wettest month is August and the driest month is January.
- Wadi Halfa – The hottest months are from March to November, with temperatures reaching around 40. The warmest month is June and the coolest month is January. The wettest months are May, July, and October, with an average of 1 mm of rain each month.
How Safe Is Sudan?
If you plan on travelling to Sudan, there are some things you can do to stay safe. Do some research on the country to learn about any potential dangers. You should also get the necessary vaccinations to protect yourself from diseases that are common in the area.
When travelling, it’s important to dress conservatively and avoid displaying valuable items. You should also be cautious when using the roads, as they can be dangerous due to poor maintenance and lack of law enforcement. It’s also best to avoid public demonstrations and large crowds, as they can turn violent.
Hiring a local guide can be helpful, as they can provide you with insight into the culture and customs of Sudan. Carrying identification and registering with your embassy or consulate can be useful in case of an emergency.
Use common sense and trust your instincts. If something doesn’t feel right, it’s best to avoid it. By following these tips, you can have a safe and enjoyable trip to Sudan.
Visiting the Meroë Pyramids
Avoid an Embarrassing Stop
Over 70% of travellers
will have diarrhea.
Get protected with Passport Health’s
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The Pyramids of Meroe are ancient pyramids located in Sudan that were built by a group called the Nubians a long time ago. People might visit the Pyramids of Meroe because they want to learn about history and culture, take pictures, ride camels, or experience life in nearby villages.
It’s important to remember that the Pyramids of Meroe are in a remote area, so it might be hard to get there. Visitors should also respect the site and the people who live nearby by not breaking anything or taking anything away.
What Should I Pack for Sudan?
If you are planning a trip to Sudan, here are some things you should pack:
- Make sure you have a passport and visa.
- It’s important to dress modestly in Sudan, especially when visiting religious places. Wear lightweight clothes that cover your arms and legs.
- Bring comfortable shoes for walking.
- Sudan can be hot, so bring sunscreen to protect your skin from the sun.
- You should also bring insect repellent to avoid mosquito bites.
- If you take medication, be sure to bring enough for your trip. It’s also a good idea to bring basic first aid supplies.
- Sudan has different types of electrical outlets, bring the right adapter for your electronics.
- Bring cash for smaller purchases, but credit cards are also accepted in some places.
- A guidebook and maps can be helpful for exploring Sudan.
- Don’t forget your camera to capture memories of your trip! Sudan has beautiful archaeological sites, landscapes, and cultures to photograph.
Canadian Embassy in Sudan
When travelling it is very helpful to find out exactly where the Canadian Embassy or consulates are located. Keep the address written down in case you have a legal problem, you lose your passport, or you want to report a crime. Be sure to keep a copy of your passport with you in case you lose the original.
Canadian Embassy Khartoum
29 Africa Road, Block 56,
Khartoum 1, Sudan
Tel.: 249 156 550 500
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Customer Reviews
Passport Health – Travel Vaccines for Sudan
“It is so nice to get all the information you need for your travel health in one travel health clinic location that is so easy to access. Really helped us get ready for a trip to Sudan more quickly.”
“The nurse was absolutely amazing. Totally exceeded my expectations and was patient, respectful, knowledgeable, and thorough. I feel much more confident for my trip to Sudan and know I can follow up with any additional needs.”
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