A new CDC study suggests humans can spread bird flu to cats. Researchers examined two feline cases in Michigan from May 2024. Both cats lived with farm workers exposed to infected dairy cattle. The virus proved fatal in each case.
Both cats were indoor pets and showed severe illness. Symptoms included respiratory distress and neurological issues. The study raises concerns about the virus spreading between species. Scientists are monitoring the risk to other animals.
How Did Bird Flu Affect the Infected Cats?
The first case involved a 5-year-old domestic shorthair. It lived at home with a dairy worker. The cat became disoriented, lethargic and stopped eating. It groomed less and quickly worsened, requiring emergency care.
By the fourth day, its condition declined further, leading to euthanasia. Tests confirmed H5N1 in brain tissue and nasal mucus. Two other cats lived in the home, but only one showed mild symptoms and recovered.
The owner stopped communicating with health officials and declined testing. Other household members tested negative for bird flu.
The second case involved a 6-month-old Maine Coon. Its owner transported raw milk from multiple farms. The worker was exposed to splashes of unpasteurized dairy product. They did not wear protective gear or change clothes.
The sick cat later rolled in the contaminated clothing. It developed severe symptoms, including anorexia, lethargy, facial swelling, and limited movement. The cat died within 24 hours.
Tests confirmed H5N1. Before the cat fell ill, the owner reported eye irritation but refused testing.
How Were the Cats Infected with Bird Flu?
These cases suggest possible fomite transmission of bird flu. In this process, infected materials spread the virus to household pets. Farm workers can carry the virus on clothing, footwear, or hands.
Both dairy workers who infected their cats did not wear PPE. They also declined testing. Veterinarians are urged to take precautions in outbreak areas. They should collect occupational history and wear protective gear. Any suspected cases should be reported to public health officials.
Farm workers should change clothes and footwear before entering homes. They should wash off any milk or feces that may carry bird flu. Wearing PPE can lower the risk of spreading the virus.
“Since a cattle vaccine has not yet been released by USDA, foundational biosecurity practices remain the best way to prevent a dairy herd from becoming infected,” Dr. Michael Payne, a pathology expert at UC Davis told Passport Health.
Dr. Payne also gave the following recommendations to farmworkers on quarantined farms:
- “Never feed cats (barn cats, household cats or anything in-between) raw, unpasteurized bulk tank milk.”
- “Use designated coveralls and boots that remain on the dairy, clothing that is not taken home.”
- “If the worker develops symptoms consistent with Bird Flu (upper respiratory symptoms [or] conjunctivitis) tell the supervisor who will direct them to a clinic where they can receive appropriate examination, testing and if need be, treatment.”
Study of these cases was delayed by a federal pause on CDC communications. A data table appeared online briefly before being taken down. Public health experts raised concerns about blocking critical health data.
How Prevalent is Bird Flu in the U.S.?
Bird flu is spreading in dairy cattle, poultry, and wild birds across the U.S. Scientists warn that ongoing outbreaks could lead to dangerous mutations. These changes might enable human-to-human transmission. Officials stress the need for strict hygiene and protective measures.
Since 2024, 69 human bird flu cases have been reported in the U.S. Experts worry the virus could mix with seasonal flu. This reassortment could also increase the risk of human transmission.
U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has questioned germ theory and vaccines. He has also promoted raw milk, which can carry the bird flu virus. Experts warn that vaccines are crucial if bird flu spreads widely among humans.
Last year, the U.S. reported its first human death from bird flu. The patient in Louisiana died after developing severe illness.
Conclusion
Bird flu continues to spread among animals, raising concerns for humans. Experts warn that mutations could increase the risk of human-to-human transmission. Strict hygiene and vaccination efforts are crucial to prevent further spread.
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Logan Hamilton is a health and wellness freelance writer for hire. He’s passionate about crafting crystal-clear, captivating, and credible content that elevates brands and establishes trust. When not writing, Logan can be found hiking, sticking his nose in bizarre books, or playing drums in a local rock band. Find him at loganjameshamilton.com.
